Educational Supervision

Definition

"All the work done by the supervisor to provide assistance to teachers in improving teaching. An activity directly related to teaching but not directly with students. Supervision is an aid to teachers in improving teaching situation "

Supervision tasks: (Lucio and Mc Neil 1978)

1. Task Planning
2. Administrative Tasks
3. Direct participation in curriculum development
4. Implement a demonstration of teaching for teachers
5. Carrying out research

Function

Assist, encourage, and provide assurance to teachers, that the PBM can and should be repaired. The process is done by providing professional assistance by a person as a supervisor in the development of a variety of experiences, knowledge, attitudes, and skills of teachers.
Role

There are two types of supervisory role seen from the changes made are:

a. Traktif supervision: supervision is just trying to make small changes that maintain continuity.

b. Dynamic Supervision: Supervision is directed more intensively to modify teaching practices.

Implementation of Supervision

Cornerstone

• Pancasila
• Problem-solving approach based on scientific and creative dilakuan
• Results-oriented learning
• Ensuring continuity of improvements and changes in teaching programs
• Aims to develop favorable conditions for effective PMB

Duty Supervisor
Introduction Task

• Curriculum development
• Fulfillment facility

Operational Tasks

• Organizing teaching
• The design and acquisition of teaching materials
• Implementation of educational orientation paradigm
• KBM coordination with other school activities
• Developing relationships with community

Development Task

• Planning and implementation efforts to increase the ability of teachers.
• Implementation evaluation of teaching

Engineering Supervision
Approach

• Humanistic
• Competence
• Clinical
• Professional

Humanistic Approach
Basic

The teacher is not a mechanistic input should always get input from the outside to get better. However, the teacher as a human being is always evolving. Therefore, this approach focuses on programs designed to optimize the potential of teachers themselves to be able to develop independently KBM KBM to realize an effective and efficient.

Stages Humanistic Approach

1. Early talks
2. Observation
3. Analysis and interpretation
4. The talks end
5. Report

Competence Approach
Basic

In carrying out their duties of a teacher needs to have some competence in living standards of PBM. Therefore, supervision is designed so that teachers can master the competency standards set.

Stages of Competence Approach

• Define the desired performance
• Establish performance targets
• Determine the activity performance
• Monitoring
• Analysis and assessment of monitoring results
• The talks end

Clinical Approach
Basic

The learning process of teachers to develop in his position can not be separated from the learning process that teachers do it.

Clinical Stages Approach

• Observation of pre-talks
• Observation
• Analysis and Management strategy
• Talk about results
• Analysis after talks

Professional Approach
Basic

This approach refers to the primary function of teachers who carry out teaching in a professional manner. The basic assumption of this approach is that because the main task of the teaching profession it is to teach the target of supervision should also be directed on matters relating to teaching duties, and not the nature of teachers' administrative duties.

Implementation of Professional Engineering Approach

Upgrading of teachers
Penggugusan coaching techniques within each school and within the adjacent school
Formation of KKG, KKKS, KKPS, and PKG container organizing and coaching of teachers, principals and school inspectors Untk teaching quality improvement activities.

Stages of Professional Approach

• Prapertemuan
• Submission of a problem
• Discussion
• Implementation
• Collecting feedback

Role of Teachers

• Understanding supervision
• Open
• Proactive
• Cooperative
• Consistent